Chromaticity of color perception and object color knowledge

► We use luminance judgments to tap color perception and color memory processes. ► Using fMRI, we examined and compared brain activity during both color tasks. ► Chromaticity effects for both perception and memory are found in the lingual gyrus. ► Ventral visual areas are modulated by stimulus chromaticity in perception and memory. ► Our results support sensorimotor theories but suggest important distinctions.