Analysis on the evolution process of BFW-like model with discontinuous percolation of multiple giant components

► We introduce the BFW algorithm with parameter α in detail. ► We analyze the steady-state conditions and evolution mechanism of the BFW (α) model. ► Relationship between parameter α and the steady-state is found and proved. ► The size of giant components must satisfy some constraint equations. ► Theoretical methods are applicable to finite-dimensional lattices.