Measuring statistical evenness: A panoramic overview

► The measurement of statistical heterogeneity is elemental in all quantitative sciences. ► Physics tackles the measurement of heterogeneity via dispersion and randomness. ► Economics tackles the measurement of heterogeneity via evenness and egalitarianism. ► This paper presents a panoramic overview of evenness-based measurement of heterogeneity. ► The paper is trans-disciplinary, comprehensive, and self-contained.