Study on evacuation behaviors at a T-shaped intersection by a force-driving cellular automata model

► An improved force-driving CA model is proposed to study T-shaped channel evacuation. ► The mechanism causing the jamming behaviors at the T-shaped intersection has been explored. ► People closer to exit may need more escape time due to repulsion from counter flow. ► The phenomenon revealed by the model has been validated well by a series of experiments. ► Critical corridor widths acting on escape time are found and predicted further.