Characteristics for two kinds of cascading events

► Two categories: (a) cascading disasters, (b) non-disaster cascading events. ► A simplified sandpile model or a heuristic logistic map describe (a) or (b). ► Different dependences of the event number on the observation time for (a) or (b). ► Analytic derivations of the models: power-law dependence for (a), exponential for (b). ► The two dependences are consistent with several empirical observations.