The biocompatibility of nanostructured calcium phosphate coated on micro-arc oxidized titanium

To achieve improved osseointegration, there have been many efforts to modify the surface composition and topography of dental implants. Recently, the anodic oxidation treatment of titanium (Ti) has attracted a great deal of attention. Meanwhile, calcium phosphate is commonly applied to metallic implants as a coating material for fast fixation and firm implant–bone attachment on the account of its demonstrated bioactive and osteoconductive properties. In the present study, anodized surface and calcium phosphate deposition by electron beam evaporation were combined. Nanostructured calcium phosphate film was deposited on the micro-arc oxidized Ti. New apatite layer formed easily on the coated film when incubating in DPBS solution at 37 °C. By adding basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in the DPBS solution, the bFGF could be immobilized in the newly formed apatite layer. The coated film enhanced osseointegration of Ti implants in vivo.