Biomass energy production in agriculture: A weighted goal programming analysis

► The aim of this study is to assess how agriculture could contribute to the production of bio-energy. ► A multi-period (15-year) Weighted Goal Programming model (MpWGP) has been applied. ► We identify the optimal land use combinations that simultaneously maximise farmers' income and biomass energy production. ► Three concurrent constraints have been considered: water, labour and soil availability.► Water scarcity has an overall negative effect and specifically affects the level of energy production.