Optimal solar-PV tilt angle and azimuth: An Ontario (Canada) case-study

► The generation of solar electricity is a function of its tilt-azimuth orientations. ► Optimal orientations are determined for four pricing regimes in Ontario (Canada). ► Tilts of 7-12° less than latitude and near-south azimuths are optimal for all regimes. ► Solar electricity has premium value because of when and where it is generated.