Combined pollen and macrofossil data as a source for reconstructing mosaic patterns of the early medieval urban habitats - a case study from Gdańsk, N. Poland

► We reconstruct the environmental conditions in the early medieval Gdańsk. ► Palaeoecological data reflect mosaic of habitats and vegetation within the urban site. ► Early medieval settlement in Gdańsk had a rural character. ► Over-representation of entomophilous taxa in cultural layers indicates the presence of dung. ► Pollen and macrofossil data explains the taphonomic processes at the archaeological site.