Application of multiwalled carbon nanotubes modified by diphenylcarbazide for selective solid phase extraction of ultra traces Cd(II) in water samples and food products

In the proposed method, the extraction efficiency for cadmium ions were greater than 97% and limit of detection (LOD) was 0.05 ng mL−1. The preconcentration factor was 360 for cadmium and the relative standard deviation (RSD) of the method was 2.4%. The adsorption capacity of the modified MWCNT was 86 mg g−1 for cadmium ions. Validation of the outlined method was performed by analysing certified reference material soil (NCS DC 73323). The practical applicability of the developed sorbent was examined in some real samples.