Effect of gas diffusion layer modulus and land-groove geometry on membrane stresses in proton exchange membrane fuel cells

▶ We first report the effect of the gas diffusion layer (GDL) modulus on the membrane stress after clamping. ▶ Although some researchers have investigated the fuel cell geometry, we are the first one to study the geometric effect on the mechanical stresses and obtain some interesting results. ▶ Our numerical work is qualitatively verified by experimental work.