RETRACTED: Deoxynojirimycin and its hexosaminyl derivatives bind to natural killer cell receptors rNKR-P1A and hCD69

Available online 8 June 2010This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy).This paper is being retracted at the request of the majority of authors, who discovered after the publication that some data is unreliable, as described below.The above paper describes synthesis of glycosyl derivatives of deoxynojirimycin (DNJ), e.g. β-D-Tal-NAc-(1→4)-DNJ and β-D-ManNAc-(1→4)-DNJ. The compounds were fully characterized by MS, NMR and chiroptical methods. The affinity to the rat receptor NKR-P1 and human receptor CD69 has been evaluated. Unfortunately, we have learned recently that the author responsible for the immunological experiments - Prof. Karel BezouÅ¡ka - has been fabricating the results and also manipulating experimental material in collaborating laboratories. Based on the findings of the joint ethical committee of the Institute of Microbiology, Acad. Sci. of the Czech Republic, and Charles University in Prague and based on the extensive re-evaluation experiments [1, 2] done by us we consider all the data on the binding of carbohydrates to the NKR-P1 and CD69 receptors erroneous and, therefore, we propose corrigendum or retraction the above publication.We would like to state that all synthetic work in this paper, namely the synthesis of compounds 4-11 including all spectral characteristics (NMR, MS) was not affected by the misconduct and, therefore, remains valid.We would like to apologize to all affected parties.V. Kren, Corresponding author[1]D. Rozbeský, J. Krejzová, K. Křenek, J. Prchal, R. Hrabal, M. Kžíšek, L. Weignerová, M. Fiore, P. Dumy, O. Renaudet, V. Křen: Reevaluation of Binding Properties of Recombinant Lymphocyte Receptors NKR-P1A and CD69 to Chemically Synthesized Glycans and Peptides. Int. J. Mol. Sci.15, 1271-1283 (2014).[2]V. Grobárová, V. Benson, D. Rozbesky, P. Novak, J. Cerny: Re-evaluation of the involvement of NK cells and C-type lectin-like NK-receptors in modulation of immune responses by multivalentGlcNAc-terminated oligosaccharides. Immunol. Lett.156, 110-117 (2013).