Biological interactions of muscle precursor C2C12 cells with biomimetic nano-hydroxyapatite/poly(lactide-co-glycolide) scaffoldings

Nowadays considerable interest has been generated in using hybrid biomimetic bioceramics for engineering diverse hard and soft tissues. C2C12 cell line is an experimental model to study the cell proliferation and differentiation. The present investigation was undertaken to study for the first time the biological interactions of muscle precursor C2C12 cells on the biomimetic nano-hydroxyapatite/poly(lactide-co-glycolide) scaffolding surfaces. The nanofibrous scaffoldings incorporated with hydroxyapatite (HAP) particles was synthesized by facile sol-gel elecrospinning for seeding and growth of muscle cells. The as-spun hybrid nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray device and X-ray diffraction pattern. Thermal stability of the composite scaffolds was also determined by thermogravimetric analysis. The cytobiocompatibility of mouse C2C12 myoblasts on the designed matrix was examined by cell counting assay using CCK-8 kit. The experimental results revealed that incorporation of HAP in polymer affected both the morphology and size of polylactide-co-glycolide nanofibers. The CCK-8 assay results and SEM observation demonstrated that composite nanofibrous scaffolds are non-cytotoxic to C2C12 cell culture and were found best for cell attachment and proliferation. Conclusively, biomimetic scaffolds with homogeneously distributed HAP nanoparticles were successfully fabricated by straightforward electrospinning approach. The results of this study clearly suggest that the HAP/poly(lactide-co-glycolide) scaffoldings will be a promising material for the growth of C2C12 cells and thus helps in the development of novel therapeutic systems for skeletal muscle diseases in future.