The influence of combined laser parameters on in-situ formed TiC morphology during laser cladding

► Combined laser process parameters (i.e. Eeff and PDD) affect the TiC morphology in Fe-TiC clad ► They establish the clad chemical composition and clad temperature by means of dilution and peak power, respectively. ► By increasing the Eeff in constant PDD, probability of having liquid molten pool increases which results in dendritic TiC. ► By decreasing the PDD in Eeff, dilution increases and resulted in spherical TiC. ► Identical combined parameters do not result in identical TiC morphology in Fe-TiC clad microstructure.