Genetic mechanisms conferring adaptation to submergence and drought in rice: simple or complex?

► Rice adapts to submergence and drought with various morpho-physiological responses. ► Submergence tolerance is conferred by a single master regulator. ► Drought tolerance is regulated by a number of small-effect genes. ► Generic and molecular analyses identified >20 key regulators of drought responses. ► It would be important to evaluate interaction of the regulators with environments.