The 5′ untranslated region of Apaf-1 mRNA directs translation under apoptosis conditions via a 5′ end-dependent scanning mechanism

► Translation of some mRNAs under stress conditions is thought to involve IRESs. ► The 5′ UTR of human Apaf-1 mRNA can direct cap-independent initiation during apoptosis. ► However, the Apaf-1 5′ UTR does not use IRES under apoptosis. ► The underlying mechanism remains a 5′end-dependent initiation followed by scanning.