Gradient nanocomposite hydrogels for interface tissue engineering

We present a facile fabrication of a gradient scaffold with two natural polymers (gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) and methacrylated kappa carrageenan (MκCA)) reinforced with 2D nanosilicates to mimic the native tissue interface. A gradient in mechanical properties, microstructures and cell adhesion characteristics was achieved. This simple approach could be applied to regeneration of tissue interfaces where a natural gradient in the structural, mechanical, and biological properties exists.166