Modeling and prediction of extraction profile for microwave-assisted extraction based on absorbed microwave energy

A modeling technique based on absorbed microwave energy was proposed to model microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) of antioxidant compounds from cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) leaves. By adapting suitable extraction model at the basis of microwave energy absorbed during extraction, the model can be developed to predict extraction profile of MAE at various microwave irradiation power (100–600 W) and solvent loading (100–300 ml). Verification with experimental data confirmed that the prediction was accurate in capturing the extraction profile of MAE (R-square value greater than 0.87). Besides, the predicted yields from the model showed good agreement with the experimental results with less than 10% deviation observed. Furthermore, suitable extraction times to ensure high extraction yield at various MAE conditions can be estimated based on absorbed microwave energy. The estimation is feasible as more than 85% of active compounds can be extracted when compared with the conventional extraction technique.

► AED modeling method enables direct determination of MAE kinetic coefficients.
► The developed model can capture extraction profile of MAE based on absorbed power.
► The deviation of predicted yield by the developed model is less than 10%.
► Absorbed microwave energy required for equilibrium extraction is 100 to 300 J/ml.
► Extraction time of MAE estimated from 100 to 300 J/ml ensures high extraction yield.