Anhydride functionalised calcium ferrite nanoparticles: A new selective magnetic material for enrichment of lead ions from water and food samples

• Sonochemical synthesis of superparamagnetic calcium ferrite nanoparticles.
• First application of CaFe2O4 nanoparticles in enrichment of trace metal ions.
• The selectivity was increased for lead ions by anhydride modification.
• High adsorption capacity and good performance for lead analysis in food samples.

In this research a sonochemistry route for manufacture of uniform nanocrystalline CaFe2O4 and its anhydride functionalisation were reported. The potential of raw and modified material as a magnetically separable sorbent in selective enrichment of lead ions from water and food samples is outlined. This material was characterised using FT-IR, XRD, SEM and VSM techniques. The SEM and VSM results indicated that the calcium ferrite nanoparticles are sphere-like particles possessing superparamagnetic properties with an average diameter of 40 nm. Various analytical parameters, including pH, contact time, type and concentration of eluent, adsorption capacity, sample volume and interference of ions, were optimised. Following a modification by anhydride, calcium ferrite selectivity toward lead ions was raised more than twofold compared to the unmodified nanoparticles. Finally a pre-concentration procedure was applied for determination of trace Pb(II) in canned tuna fish, canned tomato paste, parsley, milk and well-water samples with satisfactory results.