Analysis of isotopic ratios for the detection of illegal watering of beverages

The applications of the stable isotope ratio analyses (D/H, 13C and 18O) in the assessment of watering in beverages such as wine and fruit juices are discussed in this study. The measurement of 18O/16O ratio in combination with D/H and 13C/12C ratio is mainly focused and the international official methods implementing stable isotope techniques will be mentioned. Furthermore, the ongoing study on a possible use of 13C/12C ratio of CO2 to detect the addition of technical produced CO2 in mineral sparkling waters is also presented.