Characterization of prepared In2O3 thin films: The FT-IR, FT-Raman, UV–Visible investigation and optical analysis

• The In2O3 thin film is deposited at different temperatures-spray pyrolysis using InCl3 precursor.
• SEM and AFM studies revealed that the film with 0.1 M at 500 °C has spherical grains with uniform dimension.
• The fundamental frequencies are calculated and assigned according to the experimental frequencies.
• Molecular geometry, vibrational, UV–Visible and NMR spectra are analyzed.
• The thermodynamic properties at different temperatures are investigated.

In this original work, the Indium oxide (In2O3) thin film is deposited cleanly on microscope glass substrate at different temperatures by spray pyrolysis technique. The physical properties of the films are characterized by XRD, SEM, AFM and AFM measurements. The spectroscopic investigation has been carried out on the results of FT-IR, FT-Raman and UV–Visible. XRD analysis exposed that the structural transformation of films from stoichiometric to non-stoichiometric orientation of the plane vice versa and also found that, the film is polycrystalline in nature having cubic crystal structure with a preferred grain orientation along (2 2 2) plane. SEM and AFM studies revealed that, the film with 0.1 M at 500 °C has spherical grains with uniform dimension. The complete vibrational analysis has been carried out and the optimized parameters are calculated using HF and DFT (CAM-B3LYP, B3LYP and B3PW91) methods with 3-21G(d,p) basis set. Furthermore, NMR chemical shifts are calculated by using the gauge independent atomic orbital (GIAO) technique. The molecular electronic properties; absorption wavelengths, excitation energy, dipole moment and frontier molecular orbital energies, molecular electrostatic potential energy (MEP) analysis and Polarizability first order hyperpolarizability calculations are performed by time dependent DFT (TD-DFT) approach. The energy excitation on electronic structure is investigated and the assignment of the absorption bands in the electronic spectra of steady compound is discussed. The calculated HOMO and LUMO energies showed the enhancement of energy gap by the addition of substitutions with the base molecule. The thermodynamic properties (heat capacity, entropy, and enthalpy) at different temperatures are calculated and interpreted in gas phase.

The Indium oxide (In2O3) thin film is deposited on microscopic glass substrate at different temperatures by spray pyrolysis technique using InCl3 as precursor. The physical properties of these films are characterized by XRD, SEM, AFM, FT-IR, FT-Raman, UV–Visible and AFM measurements. XRD analysis exposed that the structural transformation of films from stoichiometric to non-stoichiometric orientation of the plane vice versa and also found that, the films are polycrystalline in nature having cubic crystal structure with a preferred grain orientation along (2 2 2) plane. SEM and AFM studies revealed that the film with 0.1 M at 500 °C has spherical grains with uniform dimension. The complete vibrational analysis has been carried out and the optimized parameters are calculated using HF and DFT (CAM-B3LYP, B3LYP and B3PW91) methods with 3-21G(d,p) basis set. The molecular electronic properties; absorption wavelengths, excitation energy, dipole moment and frontier molecular orbital energies, molecular electrostatic potential energy (MEP) analysis and Polarizability first order hyperpolarizability calculations were performed by time dependent DFT (TD-DFT) approach. The calculated HOMO and LUMO energies show that the occurring of inter charge transfer between base and substitutions within the molecule.Figure optionsDownload as PowerPoint slide