Anti-proliferative effect of fungal taxol extracted from Cladosporium oxysporum against human pathogenic bacteria and human colon cancer cell line HCT 15

• First report on taxol producing endophytic fungus from this species.
• Intended IR spectra, MS analysis and 1H and 13C NMR chemical shifts concur with the experimental values of authentic taxol.
• In addition, the presence of fungal taxol was also confirmed by gene based screening.
• Isolated fungal taxol showed antibacterial as well as anticancer activity.

Cladosporium oxysporum a new taxol producing endophytic fungus was identified and production of taxol were characterized using UV–visible spectroscopy (UV–vis), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), infrared (IR) nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR (13C and 1H)) and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS). The taxol biosynthetic gene (dbat) was evaluated for new taxol producing fungus. Antibacterial activity against six different human pathogenic bacteria was done by agar well diffusion method. The anticancer efficacy of isolated fungal taxol were also evaluated in human colon cancer cell HCT 15 by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), cytotoxicity and nuclear morphology analysis. The isolated fungal taxol showed positive towards biosynthetic gene (dbat) and effective against both Gram positive as well as Gram negative. The fungal taxol suppress growth of cancer cell line HCT 15 with an IC50 value of 3.5 μM concentration by 24 h treatment. Thus, the result reveals that C. oxysporum could be a potential alternative source for production of taxol and have antibacterial as well as anticancer properties with possible clinical applications.

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