Simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of paracetamol, ibuprofen and caffeine in pharmaceuticals by chemometric methods

In this study, the simultaneous determination of paracetamol, ibuprofen and caffeine in pharmaceuticals by chemometric approaches using UV spectrophotometry has been reported as a simple alternative to using separate models for each component. Spectra of paracetamol, ibuprofen and caffeine were recorded at several concentrations within their linear ranges and were used to compute the calibration mixture between wavelengths 200 and 400 nm at an interval of 1 nm in methanol:0.1 HCl (3:1). Partial least squares regression (PLS), genetic algorithm coupled with PLS (GA-PLS), and principal component-artificial neural network (PC-ANN) were used for chemometric analysis of data and the parameters of the chemometric procedures were optimized. The analytical performances of these chemometric methods were characterized by relative prediction errors and recoveries (%) and were compared with each other. The GA-PLS shows superiority over other applied multivariate methods due to the wavelength selection in PLS calibration using a genetic algorithm without loss of prediction capacity. Although the components show an important degree of spectral overlap, they have been determined simultaneously and rapidly requiring no separation step. These three methods were successfully applied to pharmaceutical formulation, capsule, with no interference from excipients as indicated by the recovery study results. The proposed methods are simple and rapid and can be easily used in the quality control of drugs as alternative analysis tools.