Multivariate curve resolution-alternating least squares assisted by voltammetry for simultaneous determination of betaxolol and atenolol using carbon nanotube paste electrode

• Response surface methodology was used to design experiments.
• Using a combination of a voltammetric method and chemometrics to extract information from overlapping responses
• Using a modified electrode in sensitive determination of betaxolol (Bet) and atenolol (Ate) in real samples

In the present work differential pulse voltammetry coupled with multivariate curve resolution-alternating least squares (MCR-ALS) was applied for simultaneous determination of betaxolol (Bet) and atenolol (Ate) in 0.20 M Britton–Robinson (B-R) buffer solution at the surface of a multi-walled carbon nanotube modified carbon paste electrode (MWCNT/CPE). Characterization of the modified electrode was carried out by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). A strategy based on experimental design was followed. Operating conditions were improved with central composite rotatable design (CCRD) and response surface methodology (RSM), involving several chemical and instrumental parameters. Then second order data were built from variable pulse heights of DPV and after correction in potential shift analyzed by MCR-ALS. Analytical parameters such as linearity, repeatability, and stability were also investigated and a detection limit (DL) of 0.19 and 0.29 μM for Bet and Ate was achieved, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied in simultaneous determining the two analytes in human plasma.