کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
1283917 | 1497940 | 2015 | 8 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
• 97% current efficiency is demonstrated over forty charge–discharge cycles.
• Energy efficient operation at currents up to 75 mA cm−2 is reported.
• A stack design which can achieve 72% energy efficiency is shown.
• The cost-effective design yields a capital cost for the stack of 200–1250 $/kWh.
A design for the all-copper redox flow battery based on readily available, cost-effective construction materials is presented. The design results in a stack cost of between 70 and 300 $/m2, with the electrolyte costing 60 $/kWh. The area specific resistance of the cell is 1.5 Ω cm2.A maximum round trip energy efficiency of 72% occurs at a current density of 40 mA cm−2, this is similar to values reported for zinc–bromine redox flow batteries. The two major loss processes are attributable to permeation of Cu2+ through the microporous separator at current densities below 50 mA cm−2 and excessive electrode overpotentials at current densities greater than 75 mA cm−2.Two methods to characterise the current efficiency of the electrochemical processes in the cell are reported. A round trip current efficiency of 98% is consistently found when cycling the all-copper battery at a current density of 150 mA cm−2.
Journal: Journal of Power Sources - Volume 292, 1 October 2015, Pages 87–94