Differential pulse effects of solid electrolyte interface formation for improving performance on high-power lithium ion battery

Solid electrolyte interface (SEI) formation is a key that utilizes to protect the structure of graphite anode and enhances the redox stability of lithium-ion batteries before entering the market. The effect of SEI formation applies a differential pulse (DP) and constant current (CC) charging on charge–discharge performance and cycling behavior into brand new commercial lithium ion batteries is investigated. The morphologies and electrochemical properties on the anode surface are also inspected by employing SEM and EDS. The electrochemical impedance spectra of the anode electrode in both charging protocols shows that the interfacial resistance on graphite anodes whose SEI layer formed by DP charging is smaller than that of CC charging. Moreover, the cycle life result shows that the DP charging SEI formation is more helpful in increasing the long-term stability and maintaining the capacity of batteries even under high power rate charge–discharge cycling. The DP charging method can provide a SEI layer with ameliorated properties to improve the performance of lithium ion batteries.

► Differential pulse effects of solid electrolyte interface (SEI) formation.
► A short period equilibrium of the concentration distribution of differential pulse (DP) formation causes the SEI to form a three dimensional nano channel.
► The resistance, composition, uniformity, thickness, and ionic diffusivity of the SEI by DP formation are all smaller than CC formation.
► The cell with DP retains a higher cycling stability of 91% after 150 cycles at different rate cycles.