A rapid derivatization method for analyzing nitrofuran metabolites in fish using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

- Five derivatization conditions of the nitrofuran metabolites were optimized.
- The derivatization time was significantly shortened from 16 h or overnight to 5 min.
- The LLOQ of nitrofuran metabolite is 0.1 μg·L−1, in line with EU regulatory requirements.