Highly sensitive covalently functionalized light-addressable potentiometric sensor for determination of biomarker

• A novel structured light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) based on covalently functionalized membrane was designed.
• The composition of the surface of LAPS chip was investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
• hIgG dissolved in the supporting electrolyte solution can be detected by monitoring the potential shifts of LAPS.

A biomarker is related to the biological status of a living organism and shows great promise for the early prediction of a related disease. Herein we presented a novel structured light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) for the determination of a model biomarker, human immunoglobulin G (hIgG). In this system, the goat anti-human immunoglobulin G antibody was used as recognition element and covalently immobilized on the surface of light-addressable potentiometric sensor chip to capture human immunoglobulin G. Due to the light addressable capability of light-addressable potentiometric sensor, human immunoglobulin G dissolved in the supporting electrolyte solution can be detected by monitoring the potential shifts of the sensor. In order to produce a stable photocurrent, the laser diode controlled by field-programmable gate array was used as the light emitter to drive the light-addressable potentiometric sensor. A linear correlation between the potential shift response and the concentration of human immunoglobulin G was achieved and the corresponding regression equation was ΔV (V) = 0.00714ChIgG (μg/mL)–0.0147 with a correlation coefficient of 0.9968 over a range 0–150 μg/mL. Moreover, the light-addressable potentiometric sensor system also showed acceptable stability and reproducibility. All the results demonstrated that the system was more applicable to detection of disease biomarkers with simple operation, multiple-sample format and might hold great promise in various environmental, food, and clinical applications.

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