A new relation of drag force for high Stokes number monodisperse spheres by direct numerical simulation

• Immersed Boundary Method is used to study the drag force on randomly arranged monodisperse system.
• Simulations are made for solid volume fraction 0.05–0.5 and Reynolds number 0.01–1000.
• The results are compared with other simulation results and good agreement is observed.
• The effect of flow structures on the drag force is discussed.
• A new drag relation is proposed based on the curve fitting of simulation data.

Immersed Boundary Method simulations are used to propose a drag correlation for randomly arranged monodisperse spheres. The solid volume fraction is varied from 0.05 to 0.5 and Reynolds number is varied from 0.01 to 1000. The particles have constant relative velocity to fluid and thus the present results are applicable to high Stokes number gas–solid flows. Average drag force acting on particles in both regular and random arrangements is compared with literature and good agreement is observed. At the end a new drag relation for monodisperse spheres is proposed and the physics behind its development is explained.

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