Dielectric and ferroelectric hysteresis properties of 1–3 lead magnesium niobate–lead titanate ceramic/Portland cement composites

In this work, lead magnesium niobate–lead titanate (PMN–PT) ceramic was cut and filled with Portland cement (PC) to produce 1–3 connectivity PMN–PT/PC composites. Dielectric and ferroelectric hysteresis properties of these composites with PMN–PT ceramic volume content of 60% were investigated. Room temperature dielectric constant (ɛr) at 1 kHz of the PMN–PT/PC composite was found to be ≈1500. At higher frequency (20 kHz), the dielectric constant was reduced to the value of ≈1300. Ferroelectric (polarization–electric field) hysteresis loops at 10–90 Hz and varying electric field were measured. The “instantaneous” remnant polarization (Pir) at 50 Hz and at the electric field of 7 kV/cm of the PMN–PT/PC composite was found to be ≈10 μC/cm2. These values of 1–3 composites therefore are promising when compared to previous results of composites at similar conditions.