Dielectric properties and tunability of Ba(ZrxTi1−x)O3 ceramics under high DC electric field

Ba(ZrxTi1−x)O3 (BZT) (x = 0.25, 0. 3, 0.35, 0.4) ceramics were prepared by the traditional ceramic processing and their structural, surface morphological, dielectric properties, tunable properties as well as the mechanism of their nonlinear dielectric constant under DC electric field were systemically examined. The Zr ions substitution of Ti ions has a strong effect on the dielectric properties and the grain sizes. The results show Ba(ZrxTi1−x)O3 (x = 0.25, 0.3, 0.35) ceramics to be promising candidates for the DC electric field tunable materials for microwave electronics application, because they exhibit high tunability (27.6%, 26.3%, 19.4%, respectively) as the strength of electric field is up to 2 kV/mm, low dielectric loss (0.001–0.002, 0.001–0.002, 0.004–0.005, respectively) at 10 kHz at room temperature and low temperature coefficient of capacitance.