On the relationship between corrosion inhibiting effect and molecular structure of 2,5-bis(n-pyridyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives in acidic media: Ac impedance and DFT studies

The inhibition properties of 2,5-bis(n-pyridyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazoles (n-PTH) on corrosion of mild steel in different acidic media (1 M HCl, 0.5 M H2SO4 and 1 M HClO4) were analyzed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The n  -PTH derivatives exhibit good inhibition properties in different acidic solutions and the calculated values of ΔGads∘ revealed that the adsorption mechanism of n-PTH on steel surface is mainly due to chemisorption. While in 1 M HClO4, both 2-PTH and 4-PTH isomers stimulate the corrosion process especially at low concentrations. Quantum chemical calculations using the density functional theory (DFT) were performed on n-PTH derivatives to determine the relationship between molecular structure and their inhibition efficiencies. The results of the quantum chemical calculations and experimental inhibition efficiency were subjected to correlation analysis and indicate that the inhibition effects of n-PTH may be explained in terms of electronic properties.

Research highlights
► 2,5-Bis(n-pyridyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazoles (n-PTH) act as good inhibitors for the mild steel in acidic media.
► The inhibiting protection depends on the position of the nitrogen on the pyridinium substituent according to order 3-PTH > 2-PTH > 4-PTH.
► The adsorption of n-PTH is found to follow the Langmuir’s adsorption isotherm.
► Data obtained from quantum chemical calculations using DFT method were correlated to the experimentally obtained inhibition efficiencies.