Optimization of experimental parameters based on the Taguchi robust design for the formation of zinc oxide nanocrystals by solvothermal method

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles and nanorods were successfully synthesized by a solvothermal process. Taguchi robust design was applied to study the factors which result in stronger ZnO nanocrystal growth. The factors which have been studied are molar concentration ratio of sodium hydroxide and zinc acetate, amount of polymer templates and molecular weight of polymer templates. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction technique were used to analyze the experiment results. The results show that the concentration ratio of sodium hydroxide and zinc acetate ratio has the greatest effect on ZnO nanocrystal growth.

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► Taguchi robust design can be applied to study ZnO nanocrystal growth.
► Spherical-like and rod-like shaped of ZnO nanocrystals can be obtained from solvothermal method.
► [NaOH]/[Zn2+] ratio plays the most important factor on the aspect ratio of prepared ZnO.