Bipolar fatigue-resistant behavior in ternary Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3–BaTiO3–SrTiO3 solid solutions

A ternary solid solution (0.935–x)Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3–0.065BaTiO3–xSrTiO3 (BNBST, BNBSTx), reported in our previous work, that exhibits a large strain response at a critical composition, was investigated with the emphasis on its bipolar fatigue behavior. The results indicated that BNBST with a high SrTiO3 content owning an ergodic relaxor state exhibited fatigue-free behavior after 106 cycles. Furthermore, unexpected almost fatigue-free behavior was also observed in BNBST with a low SrTiO3 concentration which has a typical ferroelectric long-range order. The excellent fatigue properties are quite favorable for practical applications.