Comparison of work hardening and deformation twinning evolution in Fe–22Mn–0.6C–(1.5Al) twinning-induced plasticity steels

The work hardening and deformation twinning evolution of FeMnC and FeMnCAl twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) steels were compared during tensile deformation. Based on microscopic observations, it was found that the high F/T ratio (F: the fraction of twinned grains; T: the thickness of deformation twins) was the main factor influencing the work-hardening rate of TWIP steels. Furthermore, the effects of Al on deformation twinning behavior and its contribution to the work-hardening rate of Fe–22Mn–0.6C–(1.5Al) (wt.%) steel were discussed.