Low-temperature and normal-pressure growth of oriented rutile TiO2 nanorod arrays on F-doped tin oxide substrate

We have developed a low-temperature and normal-pressure method for the growth of oriented rutile TiO2 nanorod arrays on transparent conductive F-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate. Owing to the direct electronic pathway, these rutile TiO2 nanorod array films show more efficient charge-collecting ability than rutile nanoparticle films when used as photoanodes for dye-sensitized solar cells.