The importance of secondary and ternary twinning in compressed Ti

Twin formation during uniaxial compression of high-purity α-Ti at room temperature is investigated for both quasi-static and dynamic conditions using electron backscatter diffraction techniques. The initial texture is favorable for {101¯2} twinning, yet it is observed that secondary and ternary twins occur for both strain rates, showing a higher propensity in the dynamic case. While secondary twins may explain the difference in texture change and strain hardening between the two loading conditions, the ternary twins mainly contribute to grain fractioning.