Truncated octahedral LiMn2O4 cathode for high-performance lithium-ion batteries

Spinel-type LiMn2O4 has been studied as a promising cathode candidate capable of replacing LiCoO2 in lithium-ion batteries. Here we demonstrate LiMn2O4 powders prepared by a calcination process as a function of temperature and time. LiMn2O4 structure electrode prepared at 700 °C for 10 h forms a truncated octahedral structure consisting of {111} and {100} surfaces. In particular, the truncated octahedral structure exhibits the crystal orientation toward dominant {111} surfaces of octahedral structure to minimize Mn dissolution and a particular portion of {100} surfaces of the truncated structure to stabilize the electrode. The truncated octahedral structure shows excellent discharge capacity (∼132.14 mAh g−1 at 1 C), high capacity retention (∼100%) and durable cycling performance (after 100 cycle) compared to the octahedral shaped electrodes. In particular, the truncated octahedral structure of LMO-700-10h exhibits the crystal orientation toward majority {111} surfaces of octahedral structure and minority {100} surfaces.