کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
1528852 995716 2013 6 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Band bending at free Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 surfaces analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
موضوعات مرتبط
مهندسی و علوم پایه مهندسی مواد مواد الکترونیکی، نوری و مغناطیسی
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
Band bending at free Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 surfaces analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
چکیده انگلیسی

This paper analyses in detail the core levels evolution of Pb(Zr,Ti)O3, i.e. Pb 4f, Zr 3d, Ti 2p, O 1s in various conditions: absolutely freshly prepared sample, sample stored under air, and the effects of in vacuum annealing. The aim of the study is to quantify separately the chemical reactivity at the surface and the band bending effects due to the ferroelectric polarization. It is found that freshly prepared samples present mostly inwards (↓) polarization. This phenomenon is mostly revealed by the Ti 2p and O 1s spectra, manifested as a distinct component with 1.8 eV lower binding energy in the O 1s binding energy and by 1.1 eV in the Ti 2p binding energy. Sample aging under air suppresses the inwards polarization, and most signal comes from surfaces not presenting ferroelectric permanent polarization perpendicular to the sample surface. This process conducts also to the formation of Pb(CO3)2 on the surface. Annealing to temperatures up to 400 °C stabilizes a surface composed by a main part of surface without polarization perpendicular to the surface, and with some areas presenting outwards (↑) polarization. These areas have, most probably, different terminations, the polarized area being (Ti,Zr)O2 terminated.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Materials Science and Engineering: B - Volume 178, Issue 19, 20 November 2013, Pages 1317–1322
نویسندگان
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