Photonic crystal with complex unit cell for large complete band gap

A novel two-dimensional complex photonic crystal with dielectric rods and veins in square and honeycomb lattice is presented to achieve large complete band gaps. The rods with different symmetries, shapes, orientations, and sizes are investigated numerically. The sizes of gaps are intensively affected by these geometric parameters. Extremely large gaps are realized by the parameter optimization with gallium arsenide material. The scattering of veins is more dominant than that of rods which demonstrates the validity of the complex photonic crystal structures. Furthermore, an excellent wide region of dielectric rods and veins, where the sizes of gaps are universally large, is found in square and honeycomb lattice, respectively.