Bright-dark self-coupled vector spatial solitons in biased two-photon photovoltaic photorefractive crystals

This paper predicts that bright-dark self-coupled vector solitons are possible in biased two-photon photovoltaic photorefractive crystals under steady-state conditions. The solutions of these vector solitons can be determined by use of simple numerical integration procedures. When the photovoltaic effect is neglectable, these vector solitons are bright-dark vector screening solitons. When the external bias field is absent, these vector solitons degenerate the bright-dark vector photovoltaic solitons.