Temperature dependence of photorefractive effect in reduced near-stoichiometric LiNbO3 crystal

Temperature dependence of the photorefractive effect was investigated in reduced near-stoichiometric LiNbO3 crystal by a two-wave coupling experiment. An order of magnitude increase in the refractive index change Δn was observed when the crystal temperature was reduced from 35 °C to −5 °C, and possible corresponding mechanisms are discussed.