3D refractive index profile for the characterization of necking phenomenon along stretched polypropylene fibres

The phenomenon of neck formation in polymers has attracted considerable attention. During the cold-drawing process an initial undrawn material is transformed into anisotropic one across a narrow transition region called ‘neck’. The Video Opto-Mechanical (VOM) device attached with multiple-beam Fizeau fringes techniques are used to stretch polypropylene (PP) fibres. A iPP sample is stretched to have a neck at room temperature. The optical properties of the deformed material over the necking region are examined. Another PP sample is stretched (without necking deformation) at room temperature and the optical properties are also examined. The task of this study is to characterize and assess the necking phenomenon along cold-drawn polypropylene (iPP) fibre axis. The effect of necking on the optical properties of the fibre is confirmed by the determination of the 3D refractive index profile at different regions along the deformed PP fibre. Also the orientation function is calculated for the necked sample. The contour lines of microinterferograms are given for illustrations.