Soliton in fiber lasers beyond the Ginzburg–Landau equation approximation

Operation of a passively mode-locked fiber laser beyond the Ginzburg–Landau Equation (GLE) approximation is numerically investigated. It is found that even in the Maxwell–Bloch formalism stable solitary waves can still be obtained in the laser due to the cavity pulse peak clamping effect. We further show that the gain bandwidth plays a significant role in determining the detailed property of the formed solitary pulses.