Newly designed dye-sensitized solar cells fabricated with double-layered TiO2 (bottom layer)/Bx-TiO2 (top layer) combined electrodes for improved photocurrent

► An unusual double-layered TiO2 (bottom layer)/Bx-TiO2 (top layer) combined electrode array was investigated. ►The photocurrent and photovoltaic efficiency of the TiO2 (bottom)/Bx-TiO2 (top)-DSSC were 20.5% and 17.3% greater. ►The recombination was also much slower in the TiO2 (bottom)/Bx-TiO2 (top)-based DSSCs.