Adsorption of low-concentration methylene blue onto a palygorskite/carbon composite

A palygorskite/carbon composite was prepared through hydrothermal treatment of palygorskite and cellulose, and its adsorption behavior for methylene blue (MB) was investigated. The effect of adsorption conditions on the capacity and kinetics was also investigated. The adsorption kinetics of MB onto the composite is best described by a pseudo-second-order equation. The adsorption isotherms conform to the Langmuir isothermal adsorption equation. The adsorption thermodynamic parameters calculated from the isotherms indicate that the adsorption of MB on the composite is endothermic.