Prediction of crack-tip toughness of alumina for given residual stresses with parallel-bonded-particle model

▸ If the average grain size of alumina increases, the residual stresses increases. ▸ An increase of residual stresses causes a decrease of crack-tip toughness of alumina. ▸ With DEM, the crack-tip toughness of alumina with any grain size can be predicted. ▸ With DEM, the residual stresses of alumina with any grain size can be predicted. ▸ Secondary cracks, microcracks and frcition behind crack front results in R-curve.