Impact of soft impingement on the kinetics of diffusion-controlled growth of immiscible alloys

The effect of the soft impingement mechanism on the kinetics of diffusion-controlled phase transitions of binary alloys is investigated. Soft impingement arises from the interference of the diffusional fields and implies a different morphology of the product phase when compared to that attained in the case of genuine impingement. Mean field rate equations for nucleus radius and supersaturation are coupled with the mass balance equation in terms of the geometrical parameter (time dependent) which defines the soft impingement process. The kinetics is studied as a function of the initial supersaturation and it is compared with that attained in the case of genuine impingement. Solutions of the kinetics are obtained in the model case of time dependent supersaturation which scales according to Ham’s law and in the case of simultaneous nucleation. The phase transformation of immiscible alloys in one-dimensional system is also investigated. In this case and for point islands, the exact solution of the kinetics is obtained and allows one to gain an insight into the validity of the Kolmogorov–Johnson–Mehl–Avrami model and Avrami’s exponent for one-dimensional growths.

► Soft impingement in 1D systems is well described by KJMA model.
► Avrami’s exponent equal to ½ is found for alloy transformation in 1D.
► Soft impingement in 3D systems leads to enhanced kinetics compared to KJMA formalism.
► The effect of nucleus curvature can be taken into account by rescaling the superaturation.