Nanostructure formation and its effects on the mechanical properties of kinetic sprayed titanium coating

The reports of the deformation microstructures at the microscopic level of kinetic sprayed commercially pure titanium coatings are currently lacking in the literature, although some macroscopic aspects of bonding, deposition characteristics, and mechanical behaviors of the coatings have already been reported. The formation of considerably homogeneous and randomly orientated equiaxed nanograins with some dislocation-free nanograins (<100 nm) over wide areas in the coating apparently seems to be of importance because it contributed to both the increased microhardness and ductile dimple fractures of the coatings shown in our earlier results [G. Bae et al., Acta Mater. 57 (2009) 5654].