Preliminary evaluation of bone graft substitute produced by bone of duck beak

• The bone graft substitutes from duck beak bone were developed by de-fatting continued with heat-treatment process.
• The produced beak bone particles were highly porous in their structure with a high crystallinity HA, and this bone particle with interconnected pore channels is effective in bone tissue engineering.
• Beak bone particles can be prepared as economical bone graft substitutes of natural, biological origin HA.

This paper studied the production and properties of bioceramics bone graft substitutes from duck beak bone, as a natural source. Duck beak bone particles were fabricated by de-fatting, followed by heat-treatment at 1000 °C for 3 h in an air atmosphere. It was confirmed that heat-treated beak bone particles were highly porous in their structure, with a rough surface, and the Ca/P atomic ratio value was 1.65, similar to that of human bone. In addition, the heat-treatment process of beak bone particles resulted in single phase hydroxyapatite (HA) with high crystallinity. In vivo performance of beak bone particles using rat calvarial defects showed a significantly higher bone volume than that of bovine bone particles at 4 weeks post implantation. This study demonstrated that duck beak bones can be prepared as economical bone graft substitutes of natural, biological origin HA.

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